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WooCommerce REST API 深度开发指南

API 基础架构与认证

1.1 REST API 核心配置

WooCommerce REST API 采用 OAuth 1.0a 和 HTTP Basic Auth 两种认证方式。在 wp-config.php中启用 API 支持：

define('WC_API_ENABLED', true);
define('WC_API_DEBUG', false);

1.2 密钥生成与管理

在 WooCommerce 后台生成 API 密钥：

// 自动生成API密钥的函数
function generate_wc_api_keys($user_id, $description) {
    $consumer_key = 'ck_' . wc_rand_hash();
    $consumer_secret = 'cs_' . wc_rand_hash();
    
    update_user_meta($user_id, 'woocommerce_api_consumer_key', $consumer_key);
    update_user_meta($user_id, 'woocommerce_api_consumer_secret', $consumer_secret);
    update_user_meta($user_id, 'woocommerce_api_key_description', $description);
    
    return [
        'consumer_key' => $consumer_key,
        'consumer_secret' => $consumer_secret
    ];
}

订单管理 API

2.1 订单创建与处理

/**
 * 通过API创建订单
 */
function create_order_via_api($order_data) {
    $wc_api_url = home_url('/wp-json/wc/v3/orders');
    
    $response = wp_remote_post($wc_api_url, [
        'headers' => [
            'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
            'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
        ],
        'body' => json_encode([
            'payment_method' => 'bacs',
            'payment_method_title' => '银行转账',
            'set_paid' => true,
            'billing' => [
                'first_name' => $order_data['billing_first_name'],
                'last_name' => $order_data['billing_last_name'],
                'address_1' => $order_data['billing_address_1'],
                'city' => $order_data['billing_city'],
                'state' => $order_data['billing_state'],
                'postcode' => $order_data['billing_postcode'],
                'country' => $order_data['billing_country'],
                'email' => $order_data['billing_email'],
                'phone' => $order_data['billing_phone']
            ],
            'shipping' => [
                'first_name' => $order_data['shipping_first_name'],
                'last_name' => $order_data['shipping_last_name'],
                'address_1' => $order_data['shipping_address_1'],
                'city' => $order_data['shipping_city'],
                'state' => $order_data['shipping_state'],
                'postcode' => $order_data['shipping_postcode'],
                'country' => $order_data['shipping_country']
            ],
            'line_items' => [
                [
                    'product_id' => $order_data['product_id'],
                    'quantity' => $order_data['quantity'],
                    'variation_id' => $order_data['variation_id'] ?? 0
                ]
            ],
            'shipping_lines' => [
                [
                    'method_id' => 'flat_rate',
                    'method_title' => '快递',
                    'total' => $order_data['shipping_cost']
                ]
            ]
        ]),
        'timeout' => 30
    ]);
    
    if (is_wp_error($response)) {
        throw new Exception('订单创建失败: ' . $response->get_error_message());
    }
    
    $response_code = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response);
    $body = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
    
    if ($response_code === 201) {
        return $body['id'];
    } else {
        throw new Exception('API错误: ' . ($body['message'] ?? '未知错误'));
    }
}

2.2 订单状态批量更新

/**
 * 批量更新订单状态
 */
function bulk_update_order_status($order_ids, $new_status) {
    $results = [];
    
    foreach ($order_ids as $order_id) {
        $api_url = home_url("/wp-json/wc/v3/orders/{$order_id}");
        
        $response = wp_remote_request($api_url, [
            'method' => 'PUT',
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
                'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
            ],
            'body' => json_encode([
                'status' => $new_status
            ])
        ]);
        
        $results[$order_id] = !is_wp_error($response) && 
                             wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response) === 200;
    }
    
    return $results;
}

产品管理 API

3.1 产品同步与库存管理

class Product_Sync_Manager {
    private $api_base;
    
    public function __construct() {
        $this->api_base = home_url('/wp-json/wc/v3');
    }
    
    /**
     * 同步外部产品到WooCommerce
     */
    public function sync_external_products($external_products) {
        $synced_products = [];
        
        foreach ($external_products as $external_product) {
            $existing_product = $this->find_product_by_sku($external_product['sku']);
            
            if ($existing_product) {
                $product_id = $this->update_product($existing_product['id'], $external_product);
            } else {
                $product_id = $this->create_product($external_product);
            }
            
            if ($product_id) {
                $synced_products[] = [
                    'id' => $product_id,
                    'name' => $external_product['name'],
                    'status' => 'synced'
                ];
            }
        }
        
        return $synced_products;
    }
    
    private function find_product_by_sku($sku) {
        $response = wp_remote_get($this->api_base . '/products?sku=' . urlencode($sku), [
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET)
            ]
        ]);
        
        if (!is_wp_error($response) && wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response) === 200) {
            $products = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
            return !empty($products) ? $products[0] : null;
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
    private function create_product($product_data) {
        $response = wp_remote_post($this->api_base . '/products', [
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
                'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
            ],
            'body' => json_encode([
                'name' => $product_data['name'],
                'type' => $product_data['type'] ?? 'simple',
                'regular_price' => $product_data['price'],
                'description' => $product_data['description'],
                'short_description' => $product_data['short_description'] ?? '',
                'sku' => $product_data['sku'],
                'stock_quantity' => $product_data['stock_quantity'],
                'manage_stock' => true,
                'stock_status' => $product_data['stock_quantity'] > 0 ? 'instock' : 'outofstock',
                'categories' => $this->prepare_categories($product_data['categories'])
            ])
        ]);
        
        if (!is_wp_error($response) && wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response) === 201) {
            $product = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
            return $product['id'];
        }
        
        return false;
    }
}

3.2 产品变体管理

/**
 * 处理可变产品变体
 */
function manage_product_variations($product_id, $variations) {
    $api_url = home_url("/wp-json/wc/v3/products/{$product_id}/variations");
    $results = [];
    
    foreach ($variations as $variation) {
        $variation_data = [
            'regular_price' => $variation['price'],
            'stock_quantity' => $variation['stock'],
            'attributes' => array_map(function($attr) {
                return [
                    'name' => $attr['name'],
                    'option' => $attr['value']
                ];
            }, $variation['attributes'])
        ];
        
        $method = $variation['id'] ? 'PUT' : 'POST';
        $url = $variation['id'] ? $api_url . '/' . $variation['id'] : $api_url;
        
        $response = wp_remote_request($url, [
            'method' => $method,
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
                'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
            ],
            'body' => json_encode($variation_data)
        ]);
        
        $results[] = [
            'variation' => $variation,
            'success' => !is_wp_error($response) && 
                        in_array(wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response), [200, 201]),
            'response' => !is_wp_error($response) ? json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true) : null
        ];
    }
    
    return $results;
}

客户管理 API

4.1 客户数据同步

class Customer_Sync_Manager {
    private $api_base;
    
    public function __construct() {
        $this->api_base = home_url('/wp-json/wc/v3');
    }
    
    /**
     * 从CRM同步客户数据
     */
    public function sync_customers_from_crm($crm_customers) {
        $sync_results = [];
        
        foreach ($crm_customers as $crm_customer) {
            $existing_customer = $this->find_customer_by_email($crm_customer['email']);
            
            if ($existing_customer) {
                $result = $this->update_customer($existing_customer['id'], $crm_customer);
            } else {
                $result = $this->create_customer($crm_customer);
            }
            
            $sync_results[] = [
                'crm_id' => $crm_customer['id'],
                'wc_id' => $result['id'] ?? null,
                'status' => $result['success'] ? 'synced' : 'failed',
                'message' => $result['message'] ?? ''
            ];
        }
        
        return $sync_results;
    }
    
    private function find_customer_by_email($email) {
        $response = wp_remote_get($this->api_base . '/customers?email=' . urlencode($email), [
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET)
            ]
        ]);
        
        if (!is_wp_error($response) && wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response) === 200) {
            $customers = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
            return !empty($customers) ? $customers[0] : null;
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
    private function create_customer($customer_data) {
        $response = wp_remote_post($this->api_base . '/customers', [
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
                'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
            ],
            'body' => json_encode([
                'email' => $customer_data['email'],
                'first_name' => $customer_data['first_name'],
                'last_name' => $customer_data['last_name'],
                'billing' => [
                    'first_name' => $customer_data['first_name'],
                    'last_name' => $customer_data['last_name'],
                    'company' => $customer_data['company'] ?? '',
                    'address_1' => $customer_data['address'] ?? '',
                    'city' => $customer_data['city'] ?? '',
                    'state' => $customer_data['state'] ?? '',
                    'postcode' => $customer_data['postcode'] ?? '',
                    'country' => $customer_data['country'] ?? '',
                    'email' => $customer_data['email'],
                    'phone' => $customer_data['phone'] ?? ''
                ],
                'shipping' => [
                    'first_name' => $customer_data['first_name'],
                    'last_name' => $customer_data['last_name'],
                    'company' => $customer_data['company'] ?? '',
                    'address_1' => $customer_data['address'] ?? '',
                    'city' => $customer_data['city'] ?? '',
                    'state' => $customer_data['state'] ?? '',
                    'postcode' => $customer_data['postcode'] ?? '',
                    'country' => $customer_data['country'] ?? ''
                ],
                'meta_data' => [
                    [
                        'key' => 'crm_id',
                        'value' => $customer_data['id']
                    ]
                ]
            ])
        ]);
        
        return $this->parse_response($response);
    }
}

Webhooks 集成

5.1 Webhook 管理

class Webhook_Manager {
    /**
     * 创建订单相关的Webhook
     */
    public function setup_order_webhooks() {
        $webhooks = [
            [
                'name' => '订单创建通知',
                'topic' => 'order.created',
                'delivery_url' => 'https://your-app.com/webhooks/order-created'
            ],
            [
                'name' => '订单更新通知',
                'topic' => 'order.updated',
                'delivery_url' => 'https://your-app.com/webhooks/order-updated'
            ],
            [
                'name' => '订单删除通知',
                'topic' => 'order.deleted',
                'delivery_url' => 'https://your-app.com/webhooks/order-deleted'
            ]
        ];
        
        $results = [];
        foreach ($webhooks as $webhook_config) {
            $results[] = $this->create_webhook($webhook_config);
        }
        
        return $results;
    }
    
    private function create_webhook($config) {
        $response = wp_remote_post(home_url('/wp-json/wc/v3/webhooks'), [
            'headers' => [
                'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
                'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
            ],
            'body' => json_encode([
                'name' => $config['name'],
                'topic' => $config['topic'],
                'delivery_url' => $config['delivery_url'],
                'secret' => $this->generate_webhook_secret(),
                'status' => 'active'
            ])
        ]);
        
        if (!is_wp_error($response) && wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response) === 201) {
            $webhook = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
            return [
                'success' => true,
                'id' => $webhook['id'],
                'secret' => $webhook['secret']
            ];
        }
        
        return [
            'success' => false,
            'error' => is_wp_error($response) ? $response->get_error_message() : '创建失败'
        ];
    }
    
    private function generate_webhook_secret() {
        return 'whsec_' . bin2hex(random_bytes(32));
    }
}

5.2 Webhook 验证处理

/**
 * 验证和处理Webhook请求
 */
function handle_webhook_request() {
    // 验证签名
    $signature = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_WC_WEBHOOK_SIGNATURE'] ?? '';
    $payload = file_get_contents('php://input');
    
    if (!$this->verify_signature($signature, $payload)) {
        http_response_code(401);
        exit('Invalid signature');
    }
    
    $data = json_decode($payload, true);
    $topic = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_WC_WEBHOOK_TOPIC'] ?? '';
    
    switch ($topic) {
        case 'order.created':
            $this->process_order_created($data);
            break;
        case 'order.updated':
            $this->process_order_updated($data);
            break;
        case 'product.updated':
            $this->process_product_updated($data);
            break;
    }
    
    http_response_code(200);
    echo 'Webhook processed successfully';
}

高级功能与优化

6.1 批量操作处理

/**
 * 批量产品更新
 */
function batch_update_products($products_data) {
    $api_url = home_url('/wp-json/wc/v3/products/batch');
    
    $update_data = [
        'update' => []
    ];
    
    foreach ($products_data as $product_data) {
        $update_data['update'][] = [
            'id' => $product_data['id'],
            'regular_price' => $product_data['price'],
            'sale_price' => $product_data['sale_price'] ?? '',
            'stock_quantity' => $product_data['stock'],
            'meta_data' => [
                [
                    'key' => 'last_updated',
                    'value' => current_time('mysql')
                ]
            ]
        ];
    }
    
    $response = wp_remote_post($api_url, [
        'headers' => [
            'Authorization' => 'Basic ' . base64_encode(CONSUMER_KEY . ':' . CONSUMER_SECRET),
            'Content-Type' => 'application/json'
        ],
        'body' => json_encode($update_data),
        'timeout' => 60 // 批量操作需要更长时间
    ]);
    
    return $this->parse_batch_response($response);
}

6.2 API 速率限制处理

class Rate_Limited_API_Client {
    private $requests_made = 0;
    private $last_request_time = 0;
    private $rate_limit = 30; // 每分钟30个请求
    private $time_window = 60; // 60秒窗口
    
    public function make_request($url, $args = []) {
        $this->enforce_rate_limit();
        
        $response = wp_remote_request($url, $args);
        
        $this->requests_made++;
        $this->last_request_time = time();
        
        // 检查速率限制头
        $headers = wp_remote_retrieve_headers($response);
        if (isset($headers['X-WP-API-Limit'])) {
            $this->handle_rate_limit_headers($headers);
        }
        
        return $response;
    }
    
    private function enforce_rate_limit() {
        $elapsed = time() - $this->last_request_time;
        
        if ($elapsed < $this->time_window && $this->requests_made >= $this->rate_limit) {
            $sleep_time = $this->time_window - $elapsed + 1;
            sleep($sleep_time);
            $this->requests_made = 0;
        } elseif ($elapsed >= $this->time_window) {
            $this->requests_made = 0;
        }
    }
}

错误处理与监控

7.1 综合错误处理系统

class API_Error_Handler {
    public static function handle_response($response, $context = '') {
        if (is_wp_error($response)) {
            return self::log_error(
                'http_error',
                $response->get_error_message(),
                $context,
                ['error_code' => $response->get_error_code()]
            );
        }
        
        $status_code = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code($response);
        $body = wp_remote_retrieve_body($response);
        
        if ($status_code >= 400) {
            $error_data = json_decode($body, true) ?? ['raw_response' => $body];
            
            return self::log_error(
                'api_error',
                "HTTP {$status_code}",
                $context,
                array_merge($error_data, ['status_code' => $status_code])
            );
        }
        
        return [
            'success' => true,
            'data' => json_decode($body, true)
        ];
    }
    
    private static function log_error($type, $message, $context, $data = []) {
        $log_entry = [
            'timestamp' => current_time('mysql'),
            'type' => $type,
            'message' => $message,
            'context' => $context,
            'data' => $data
        ];
        
        error_log('WooCommerce API Error: ' . json_encode($log_entry));
        
        // 发送到监控服务
        if (defined('API_MONITOR_URL')) {
            wp_remote_post(API_MONITOR_URL, [
                'body' => json_encode($log_entry),
                'blocking' => false // 非阻塞发送
            ]);
        }
        
        return [
            'success' => false,
            'error' => $message,
            'details' => $data
        ];
    }
}

通过以上完整的 WooCommerce API 集成方案，开发者可以构建强大的电商管理系统，实现订单处理、产品同步、客户管理和实时通知等高级功能。

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WooCommerce REST API 深度开发指南

API 基础架构与认证

1.1 REST API 核心配置

1.2 密钥生成与管理

订单管理 API

2.1 订单创建与处理

2.2 订单状态批量更新

产品管理 API

3.1 产品同步与库存管理

3.2 产品变体管理

客户管理 API

4.1 客户数据同步

Webhooks 集成

5.1 Webhook 管理

5.2 Webhook 验证处理

高级功能与优化

6.1 批量操作处理

6.2 API 速率限制处理

错误处理与监控

7.1 综合错误处理系统

相关文章:

热销主题

库存管理/收付款/客户名录

建筑设计/项目管理/园林

焊工/人才外包/劳务公司

纹身/美容/纹绣wordpress主题

7*12服务咨询电话：

WooCommerce REST API 深度开发指南

API 基础架构与认证

1.1 REST API 核心配置

1.2 密钥生成与管理

订单管理 API

2.1 订单创建与处理

2.2 订单状态批量更新

产品管理 API

3.1 产品同步与库存管理

3.2 产品变体管理

客户管理 API

4.1 客户数据同步

Webhooks 集成

5.1 Webhook 管理

5.2 Webhook 验证处理

高级功能与优化

6.1 批量操作处理

6.2 API 速率限制处理

错误处理与监控

7.1 综合错误处理系统

相关文章:

热销主题

库存管理/收付款/客户名录

建筑设计/项目管理/园林

焊工/人才外包/劳务公司

纹身/美容/纹绣wordpress主题

7*12服务咨询电话：

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